Barefoot Ministries

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The Journey to Becoming More in Youth Ministry

Barefoot Training - Tuesday, February 22, 2011
“Then a brilliant college professor taught me...that each of us are mini-trinities, we’re three-in-ones—minds, spirits and bodies all wrapped into one being (Mark 12:30; 1 Thessalonians 5:23).”

-Laurin Makohon, “The Journey to Becoming More.” Immerse Journal Jan/Feb 2011 issue.

We are a unity of head, heart, and hands.

This revelation of our humanity led Laurin Makohon on a personal journey to engage the fullness of life that God created us to live. What we catch a glimpse of in Laurin’s story is a picture of what youth ministry and youth’s lives can be.

After reading Laurin’s article, I began to imagine how my students are already experiencing the fullness of the life of faith described in Laurin’s story. They already encounter God through their minds, feelings, and actions because the Holy Spirit is always present in their lives. And I thought, What would it look like if I did a qualitative assessment of my students through this lens?

A qualitative assessment in this instance gleans stories of how teens encounter God through their heads, hearts, and hands in order to discern their awareness of God’s activity and the impact that it has made on their lives of faith. If you have been following the Barefoot Training articles, then you know my definition for faith. With this definition I came up with two questions for each of the three dimensions of our humanity.



I encourage you to ask your students these simple questions in small groups or in casual conversations. It will open up the exploration of the fullness of the lives of faith God has in store for them.

If you are looking to go deeper with your assessment and connect it to spiritual growth, then check out this article, by Mark Maddix.

By Paul Sheneman

Context and Youth Ministry

Barefoot Training - Friday, February 11, 2011
A phrase that gets repeated throughout the Barefoot Training manuals is, “The story of God as the context…” We explain that the story of God is the context for our participation in God’s mission, theology, calling, and identity. What we don’t make explicit in the training is the definition of context in relation to youth ministry.

Context has two primary definitions. First, it is the components of a discourse that surround a word or passage and can throw light on its meaning (Merriam-Webster). We typically encounter this definition when we are preparing to teach on the Scriptures. We study the parable of the prodigal son in the context of the entire chapter in which it appears; in the context of the entire gospel of Luke; and the context of the entire Bible in order to understand its meaning. Context also means the interrelated conditions in which something exists or occurs (Merriam-Webster). We practice this definition when we try to understand the circumstances surrounding a teenager jumping out of a tree and breaking an arm.

The second definition is what we refer to when we talk about youth ministry. We are attempting to tell a true story that will embrace the interrelated conditions in which youth ministry exists. The circumstances—or setting—of contemporary youth ministry could be narrated in many ways. We could talk about all the social circumstances leading up to the emergence of contemporary youth ministry. Or we could describe the psychological circumstances that necessitate contemporary youth ministry. But these stories would be incomplete and would ignore some of the interrelated conditions in which youth ministry exists.

Our conviction is that youth ministry—as an activity of the church—is best understood in the context of God’s story. The story of God embraces all of life (social, psychological, historical, cultural, etc.), starting before creation and projected out in hope to the new creation. We also believe that the story of God gives meaning and direction for youth ministry. In God’s story, we find the reason for caring for youth, performing and proclaiming the good news of Jesus, playing games together, crying together, calling youth to serve others in Jesus’ name, etc. Outside of the story of God, these activities lose their context and meaning.

Next week we will dig into the relationship between story and people. For now, I wonder how you describe the circumstances for youth ministry?

By Paul Sheneman

Trajectory of Transformational Youth Ministry 3

Barefoot Training - Friday, January 28, 2011

Faith Development


Why should you care about understanding faith development?

One of the key roles of a youth worker is to be a spiritual guide for youth in their faith journeys. How can you guide if you don’t know the path? The path of faith is not something we can know with absolute certainty, like hiking a well-worn trail. But the journeys taken by others provide us insight into some things to expect along the way. So you should care about faith development if only for the sake of being aware of these insights for shepherding your youth.

What is faith development?

There are several ways to define faith and faith development for people. We begin with the confession of the church that faith is a human response to God made possible by grace. The three essential aspects of faith are a person’s trust in God, loving attitude toward God, and loyal actions in response to God. A simple way to put this is that faith includes a loving response with our heads, hearts, and hands (the great commandment). People grow in faith as they encounter God through God’s story, their network of relationships (people, society, and creation), and their churches’ ways of life. Thus, faith development is a person’s growth in the trusting, loving, and loyal response to God through God’s story, network of relationships, and faith communities’ ways of life.

A Narrative Faith Development Model

If you have been to our training workshop, then you are familiar with the model of faith formation we present. Here is a similar model that incorporates developmental theory in order to expand our view as youth workers to the reality that faith formation occurs throughout life.



This model uses story, value, belief, and way of life to hold together individual and community life in the unfolding narrative of faith. Thus, like our training model, it is an expression of a narrative faith development model.

Implications

First, it is important to note that none of the developmental stages in this model are independent. Each stage is connected, so the permeability of the whole faith journey is subject to transformation by the work of God. So youth workers should always hope in God’s ability to redeem and restore people.

Second, it seems that our curriculum for youth should flow out of their searching for belief or doubt. We should offer learning environments where teens can openly doubt their faith communities’ teachings and personal beliefs. The role of the youth worker with this curriculum is to guide teens in the search for belief in God that is faithful to the story, coherent to the communities’ way of life, and pertinent to their story.

Third, youth workers should learn to discern the stories that teens have learned to play in their early years. Some of those stories might be the American dream, materialism, or therapeutic moralistic deism. This will necessitate our engagement with youth’s families, friends, schools, and communities.

Finally, this faith development model implies that youth workers become aware of the counter-formative practice of the Christian faith. If we are going to invite teens to re-narrate their lives through the story of God, then we will need to invite them into practices that embody that narrative. The Christian practices of prayer, fasting, worship, hospitality, etc., are counter-formative practices that give expression to the story of God.

Questions to Consider:
How does this faith development model inform your understanding of teen faith formation?
What are some other implications of this faith development model for teens?

By Paul Sheneman


Trajectory of Transformational Youth Ministry 2

Barefoot Training - Thursday, January 27, 2011

Formation and Transformation


Formation and transformation are not two polar opposites in the growth of persons.  In fact, formation and transformation are complimentary dimensions of life.  The two concepts of human development differ only in the degree of change.

Formation occurs to some degree whenever a person participates with others in any domain of activity.  So when a teen uses public transportation, they are formed into the processes and etiquette of riding the bus or train.  Their identity is not meaningfully impacted by the practice but they do acquire new knowledge, experience new emotions, and practice new skills.

A transformational example of formation can be observed in a teen becoming a gamer.  The teen is formed into a gamer as they participate with their friends in playing video games.  They acquire skills and language that assist them in playing the game and interacting with a group of gamers.  The more they play the games the more they feel connected to the identity of a gamer.

Finally, a transformational moment may occur in a teens life.  For example, a teen learns of the realities of human trafficking.  The horror of the issue sends the teen searching for a solution.  They find a potential solution to the injustice and an aha moment occurs which transforms the way they think, feel, and act.  Finally, they move into practicing the solution which either verifies their new perspective or sends them searching again (The Transforming Moment).

Questions to Consider:
What stories do you have of the transformation of a teen's faith?
What is an example of formation and transformation in youth ministry?

By Paul Sheneman

Essential Traits of Transformational Youth Ministry 13

Barefoot Training - Thursday, January 13, 2011
This is the final post in the Essential Traits of Transformational Youth Ministry series. It is fitting to end the series with Jesus since he is the champion and perfecter of our transformation.

Jesus is Lord


At the heart of transformational youth ministry is the desire to faithfully practice the way of Jesus. In other words, the confession Jesus is Lord has implications on the way of life for communities of young people.

Service - Diakonia
First, faithful practice of the way of Jesus implies that youth ministry leads communities of young people into living out lives of service. These lives of service are revealed to be incarnational, which means they meet people where they are. Service in the way of Jesus will always point people toward God and God’s kingdom. Finally, Jesus’ life of service calls us to serve those who are our enemies.

Worship - Liturgia
Second, to confess Jesus as Lord implies that communities of youth will worship God. Worship in the way of Jesus flows in and through all the activities of life. Thus, young people will be guided into offering all their actions, thoughts, and emotions to God for his glory.

Fellowship - Koinonia
Fellowship in the way of Jesus is more than pizza, dodge ball, and swimming. It is a full commitment to being open and vulnerable to others for the sake of loving God and others, like Jesus. Youth ministries stereotypically practice camaraderie well. Our commitment as youth workers must be to continue to journey toward fellowship in the way of Jesus.

Teaching - Didache
Teaching in Jesus’ life flowed from a commitment to Scripture, community, and the guidance of the Holy Spirit. Jesus was committed to teaching about God’s participation, revealed both within the writings of Israel and in the contemporary life of the Jewish people. Finally, there was an authority in his teaching that was unlike the other teachers of his day. The church has known this same authority when it has accepted the guidance of the Holy Spirit.

Proclamation - Kerygma
Finally, youth ministry in the way of Jesus will proclaim the gospel of God in Jesus. Jesus proclaimed the kingdom of God being present in his life and actions. We are to continue that proclamation to a world that yearns for the peace and healing of God’s kingdom. Our communities of young people need to be able to articulate the message clearly.

Questions to Consider
What other implications does the confession Jesus is Lord have for youth ministry?
How do you incorporate the life of Jesus into the practices of youth ministry?

By Paul Sheneman

The Challenge of the Missionary God for Youth Ministry

Barefoot Training - Tuesday, January 11, 2011
“As in all generations religious education takes place within the trends and the vision of the times.  Even when education or the church ignores such trends, they have their effect, for such trends are woven into the everyday customs and practices of all people in a myriad of ways.”  -Donald E. Miller

Missional.  Missionary God.  Missional Church.

You can say what you want about the importance or value of the missional conversation in the last 20 years but one thing that you can’t ignore is the formative effect the trend has had on the church.  The books, groups, trainings, conferences, courses, and media created with the term “missional” is incredible.  Therefore, instead of ignoring the trend, youth workers will do well to engage the conversation to see what worth it has for young people.

In the current issue of Immerse Journal, Alan Roxburgh has an article, Can the West Be Converted?, which sets forth the core challenge of the missional conversation.  He writes, “The worst thing we can do to our youth is bore them with questions of how to make the church work or which styles and types of church are worth their attention…There is far, far more at stake than these frivolous diversions.”  Roxburgh claims that the challenge of the missionary God is nothing less than the remaking of culture.

Read the article here.

Wow!  The remaking of culture is a huge challenge.  It is a scary challenge.  To be quite honest I have my doubts and fears that it can be accomplished.  However, instead of ignoring this challenge, I think that it is important that youth workers, myself included, engage this challenge.  Therefore, I created a discussion guide to go along with the article with the hopes that it will foster local conversations.

Free Discussion Guide

I created the guide to be used in youth ministry team meetings but I think that it can be used with a network of youth leaders.  If you don't have either one of those then consider me a part of your youth worker network and email or comment with your thoughts.

Peace be with you.

Resources to Go Deeper with the Article:
Missional Church
Celtic Christianity
Celtic Daily Prayer
A Walk Through the Bible - a narrative of the missionary God

By Paul Sheneman

Essential Traits of Transformational Youth Ministry 11

Barefoot Training - Wednesday, December 22, 2010

Engaging the Whole Family 4: 

A Way Forward


In this series we have used the works of David Elkind, Diana Garland, and Marjorie Thompson to guide our reflections on discerning the family.  We continue this reflection by turning to the challenges facing the family and their proposals for a way forward for the church to minister to families.

The Challenges
Elkind, a child psychologist, is concerned with the health of children in North America.  He describes three major shifts in the roles of parents, children, adolescents that correspond to the modern to postmodern shift.  Parenting in modernity was focused on intuition and technique in postmodernity.  The view of the child changed from innocence in modernity to competence in postmodernity.  The view of adolescents changed from immature in modernity to sophisticated in postmodernity.  Elkind concludes that these shifts led to an imbalance of stress upon children and adolescents which he calls the “new morbidity” of youth (98-152).

Garland, a Christian social worker, is primarily concerned about the faith of families.  She is informed by Craig Dykstra’s work in faith practices when she engages the particular stories of families.  She finds that the challenges facing the faith practices of families are busy schedules, lack of training of parents, lack of knowledge of Scripture, competing values within a family, and different levels of personal faith in the family (127-198).

Thompson suggests one of the main obstacles to the faith development of families is the church.  She writes, “What I am suggesting is the communal church and the domestic church need to recapture a vision of the Christian family as a sacred community.  This will require an awareness of the ‘sacred’ in the ‘secular,’ of God in the flesh of human life (20-21).”

A Modest Proposal
Elkind, Garland, and Thompson all suggest a way forward for the family and I believe that youth and family pastors can find a generous and faithful way forward in their collective proposals.  In bullet points here are some suggested movements forward....
  • Elkind suggests a concept called the “vital family.”  The vital family values include emotional ties of committed love (a movement beyond intimate love and mutual engagement), authentic parenting (blend of parenting out of intuition and technique), interdependence (blend of autonomy and togetherness) and a balance of unilateral and mutual authority.
  • Elkind suggests a reinvention of adulthood.  This reinvention includes parents appropriately exercising authority and sharing space with children and adolescents.  This space sharing includes the development of safe environments for children to grow in competence and teens to grow in sophistication.
  • Garland and Thompson suggest that the local church is integral in teaching families the practice of faith.  They call for the church to see their role as learning community for families of faith.
  • Garland suggests the informal teaching moments for faith in families are found in the dark moments of death and conflict.

I find hope in these suggestions.  I believe that God can choose the local church in these days to lead families forward into God’s mission.  By God’s grace, the church can practice space sharing with youth in our corporate worship.  In humility, the church has the opportunity to publicly seek Christian ways of resolving the conflict as a way to train families.  We can learn together what it means to seek God in the dark moments of life.  We can practice the values of the vital family through Christian faith practices.  We can provide space for families to learn and serve together.  We can extend the call to all families to enter into God’s saving embrace in Christ as a way forward for their family.

More Resources:
http://www.baylor.edu/social_work/cfcm/

http://practicingourfaith.org/

http://ekklesiaproject.org/

By: Paul Sheneman

Essential Traits of Transformational Youth Ministry 9

Barefoot Training - Monday, December 20, 2010

Engaging the Whole Family 2: Nuclear Family


Let’s get this bit o’ info out of the way. The nuclear family is depicted as two parents bonded together in a love-based marriage with biological children. The nuclear family is also referred to as the “domestic family.” Some even refer to the nuclear family as the “traditional family,” as though it has been the longest-enduring family structure in history. And some even hold up the nuclear family as the goal of Christian relationships.

However, the nuclear family is not the longest-enduring family structure, and it is most certainly not the family structure throughout biblical history. In fact, it has only been in the last 200 years that the “traditional” family has emerged. In regards to the love-based marriage, Stephanie Coontz writes, “It took more than 150 years to establish the love-based, male breadwinner marriage as the dominant model in North America and Western Europe. It took less than 25 years to dismantle it (247).”

What’s the point of all this talk about the nuclear family? The point is that it is not biblical to hold up the nuclear family as the goal of Christian relationships for youth and families. Diana Garland argues that nuclear family terms like parent, child, brother, and sister are used in Scripture but not to limit familial relations to the nuclear family. Instead, they are terms God’s people use to relate to others across social and cultural boundaries of family units. Naomi and Ruth are a great example of this use of the language. Jesus is another great example when he points to his family being a community of God’s people (Mark 3:33-35).

David Elkin’s work reveals that there has been a major shift in the structure of the family that corresponds to the shift from the modern period to the postmodern period. He suggests that the best way to describe the family unit in the postmodern context is “permeable.” This type of family structure is neither good nor bad—it is simply contextual.

Marjorie Thompson takes us one step further and suggests that we embrace all family structures in the life of the church. She argues that all families are called to learn the way of God from the church. She adds that it is the church’s responsibility to teach families how to practice the means of grace that are common to it (acceptance, encouragement, loving challenge, forgiveness, reconciliation, and hospitality) in Christian ways.

A transformational approach to youth ministry will engage all family structures as being a place where God can work and transform all members into Christ followers. In this approach we must not slip into the habit of offering one family structure as the biblical solution to family challenges.

By: Paul Sheneman

Essential Traits of Transformational Youth Ministry 8

Barefoot Training - Thursday, December 09, 2010

Engaging the Whole Family


Reality TV is often an amusing form of entertainment.  We sit back and are entertained by the shock factor of Wife Swap, where contradictory family value systems collide in quite amusing ways.  Then there was the Osbourne family, who for a short period, appeased the guilt of many families with their previously unimaginable level of dysfunction.  Finally there is the hard nosed quasi-Mary Poppins from Great Britain, Jo Frost (a.k.a. Supernanny), that will put little kids on the “naughty step” in order to right the wrongs of poor parenting in the United States.  And though laughter is what usually flows from these shows, there is an eery feeling that these “reality” programs feel more like a mirror of the North American family then a sensationalized depiction.

In the midst of such depictions of family in the entertainment media,youth and family ministers are left wondering, “What is the family?  What happened to it?  How can we engage the whole family in Christ-like ways?”

I want to suggest three resources that can help you wrestle through these questions.
  • David Elkind, Ties That Stress: The New Family Imbalance
  • Diana Garland, Sacred Stories of Ordinary Families
  • Marjorie J. Thompson, Family the Forming Center: A Vision of the Role of Family in Spiritual Formation

Over the next two weeks we will engage some of the insights of each of these works as we continue to seek meaningful ways to engage the whole family as God’s story-formed people.

Questions to Consider:
How do you define the family?
What are the central challenges facing families today?
What resources have helped shape your engagement with families?

By: Paul Sheneman

Essential Traits of Transformational Youth Ministry 7

Barefoot Training - Friday, December 03, 2010

Engaging the Whole Biblical Narrative


Have you ever had a teen ask, “What’s the first part of the Bible about?”

It happened to me when I was teaching on Jesus’ parable of the kingdom. One of the teens had brought a friend. The friend had an inquisitive look on her face during most of the lesson. At the end she eagerly raised her hand. When she had every person’s attention, the friend enthusiastically waved the paperback Bible back and forth by the spine and asked, “Where is the story of Jesus? What part of this is about Jesus?”

An eager volunteer college student quickly chirped, “It’s all about Jesus.”

To which the friend replied with great disappointment in her voice, “So I have to read the whole thing to find out about Jesus.”

Another kindhearted volunteer replied, “Not at all. Here, just read this part.” And he proceeded to point out the gospel of John.

In amazement, she responded by holding the portion from Genesis to Luke in her hand and began waving it back and forth in the air and asked, “What’s this part about then?”

During our training, we find that youth workers agree with both of the volunteers’ perspectives. They eagerly agree that the whole Bible, Genesis to Revelation, is about Jesus. But if we push them to answer which parts of the Bible are essential, youth workers choose the gospels.

Transformational youth ministry poses another question that reveals the necessity of engaging the whole biblical narrative. The question is, “Why is Jesus so important?” This is not just an apologetic question but also a hermeneutics question. More to the point it, is what the friend in my youth ministry wanted to know. She recognized the great importance of Jesus in our lesson, and she was searching for a way to get an answer to, “Why Jesus?”  

We must confess that neither the gospels nor the New Testament alone have a big enough answer. First, the New Testament authors are drawing from an inspired imagination of the Old Testament. So we can’t hope to begin to understand their messages without the rest of Scripture. Second, it is the dramatic story from creation to new creation that gives the ground-shaking, cosmic picture of God’s mission in Jesus’ life, death, and resurrection. If we stick to just teaching the New Testament, then we will be giving teens a smaller answer to, “Why is Jesus so important?”

Youth workers have begun to recognize the necessity of engaging the whole narrative. Some of the practices emerging are following the lectionary, chronological Bible storytelling, teaching series on the meta-narrative of the Bible, and reading narrative Bibles as a youth group. All of these are hopeful signs that the whole narrative of the Bible is being valued in youth ministry.

Questions to Consider:
How do you incorporate the whole Bible into youth ministry?
What practices for engaging the whole narrative would you add to the list?

By: Paul Sheneman

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Barefoot Training is designed to inspire, challenge, and equip you to guide your students into Christian formation for the mission of God. Each training experience offers an interactive environment where you are able to design, create, and nurture a biblically based, Christ-centered youth ministry in your church and community.